Scale - the exact intervals to play from a given fixed pitch, the "1/1".
Usually given in hundredths of a semitone (cents) or frequency ratios.
The usual "A major", "C minor" etc are called "Modes" in this context - meaning a smaller collection of notes picked out from a larger scale - in Tune Smithy I use the more general term Arpeggio - and they in turn are not to be confused with the likes of Aeolian mode etc which have another meaning again (rotations of the major scale by changing the choice of starting point).
This is all standard terminology, and the dual meanings can cause a bit of confusion for newbies - but so long as you know about them, the meaning is usually clear from the context.